/*创建取拼音首字母函数*/ 
create function [dbo].[fn_ChineseToSpell](@strChinese varchar(500)='') 
returns varchar(500) 
as 
begin /*函数实现开始*/ 
     declare @strLen int,@return varchar(500),@i int 
     declare @n int,@c char(1),@chn nchar(1)  
     select @strLen=len(@strChinese),@return='',@i=0 
     while @i<@strLen 
     begin /*while循环开始*/
             select @i=@i+1,@n=63,@chn=substring(@strChinese,@i,1) 
             if @chn>'z'/*原理:“字符串排序以及ASCII码表”*/                
                 select @n = @n +1,@c =case chn when @chn then char(@n) else @c end from(select top 27 * from (select chn = '吖' union all select '八' union all select '嚓' union all select '咑' union all select '妸'  union all select '发'  union all select '旮'  union all select '铪'  union all select '丌' /*because have no 'i'*/ union all select '丌' union all select '咔' union all select '垃' union all select '嘸' union all select '拏' union all select '噢' union all select '妑' union all select '七' union all select '呥' union all select '仨' union all select '他' union all select '屲' /*no 'u'*/ union all select '屲' /*no 'v'*/ union all select '屲' union all select '夕' union all select '丫' union all select '帀' union all select @chn) as a  order by chn COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS ) as b  
             else
                 set @c=@chn
             set @return=@return+@c  
     end /*while循环结束*/  
     return(@return)  
end /*函数实现结束*/

使用方法：

UPDATE dbo.T_Base_Unit SET ShortName = dbo.fn_ChineseToSpell(Name)